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Dinitrophenole

From Bioblast


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Dinitrophenole

Description

2,4-dinitrophenole (C6H4N2O5; M = 184.11 gยทmol-1) is a protonophore acting as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation.

Abbreviation: DNP

Reference: Steinlechner-Maran 1996 Am J Physiol Cell Physiol

2,4-dinitrophenole (DNP) is a compound that was designed for the manufacture of munitions during the first world war and lately described in 1933 by Maurice Tainter as a weight loss drug due to its effect on basal metabolic rate. DNP decreases the ADP phosphorylation in mitochondria preventing the uptake of inorganic phosphate into the organelle. At the same time, its characteristics as ionophore stimulates oxygen consumption, increasing proton conductance and heat dissipation.

Application in HRR

Preparation of 10 mM DNP stock solution (dissolved in H2O):
Caution: Toxic!
  1. Weigh 3.7 mg of DNP (M = 184.11 gยทmol-1).
  2. Dissolve in 1.2 mL H2O.
  3. Neutralize with 1 M KOH.
  4. Adjust final volume to 2 mL and divide into 0.2 mL portions.
  5. Store at -20 ยฐC.


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Specific
ยป Artefacts by single dose uncoupling
ยป ATP synthase
ยป CCCP
ยป Coupling-control protocol
ยป DNP
ยป Dyscoupled respiration
ยป FCCP
ยป Is respiration uncoupled - noncoupled - dyscoupled?
ยป Noncoupled respiration: Discussion
ยป Uncoupler
ยป Uncoupled respiration - see ยป Noncoupled respiration
ยป Uncoupling proteins
ยป Uncoupling protein 1
ยป Uncoupler titrations - Optimum uncoupler concentration
Respiratory states and control ratios
ยป Biochemical coupling efficiency
ยป Coupling-control state
ยป Electron-transfer-pathway state
ยป Electron-transfer pathway
E.jpg ET capacity
ยป E-L coupling efficiency
ยป Flux control efficiency
ยป Flux control ratio
ยป LEAK-control ratio
ยป LEAK respiration
ยป Noncoupled respiration
ยป OXPHOS
ยป OXPHOS capacity; ยป State 3
ยป OXPHOS-control ratio, P/E ratio
ยป Respiratory acceptor control ratio
ยป ROUTINE-control ratio
ยป ROUTINE respiration
ยป ROUTINE state
ยป State 3u
ยป State 4
ยป Uncoupling-control ratio UCR
General (alphabetical order)
ยป Adenine nucleotide translocase
ยป Adenylates
ยป Electron transfer pathway
ยป Mitochondrial preparations
ยป mt-membrane potential
ยป Oxygen flux
ยป Phosphorylation system
ยป Proton leak
ยป Proton slip
ยป TIP2k
Other keyword lists
ยป Template:Keywords: Force and membrane potential



MitoPedia topics: Uncoupler