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Property "Has-20abstract" (as page type) with input value "Infection-20with-20the-20challenge-20virus-20standard-2D11-20(CVS)-20strain-20of-20fixed-20rabies-20virus-20induces-20neuronal-20process-20degeneration-20in-20adult-20mice-20after-20hindlimb-20footpad-20inoculation.-20CVS-2Dinduced-20axonal-20swellings-20of-20primary-20rodent-20dorsal-20root-20ganglion-20neurons-20are-20associated-20with-204-2Dhydroxy-2D2-2Dnonenal-20protein-20adduct-20staining,-20indicating-20a-20critical-20role-20of-20oxidative-20stress.-20Mitochondrial-20dysfunction-20is-20the-20major-20cause-20of-20oxidative-20stress.-20We-20hypothesized-20that-20CVS-20infection-20induces-20mitochondrial-20dysfunction-20leading-20to-20oxidative-20stress.-20We-20investigated-20the-20effects-20of-20CVS-20infection-20on-20several-20mitochondrial-20parameters-20in-20different-20cell-20types.-20CVS-20infection-20significantly-20increased-20maximal-20uncoupled-20respiration-20and-20complex-20IV-20respiration-20and-20complex-20I-20and-20complex-20IV-20activities,-20but-20did-20not-20affect-20complex-20II-2DIII-20or-20citrate-20synthase-20activities.-20Increases-20in-20complex-20I-20activity,-20but-20not-20complex-20IV-20activity,-20correlated-20with-20susceptibility-20of-20the-20cells-20to-20CVS-20infection.-20CVS-20infection-20maintained-20coupled-20respiration-20and-20rate-20of-20proton-20leak,-20indicating-20a-20tight-20mitochondrial-20coupling.-20Possibly-20as-20a-20result-20of-20enhanced-20complex-20activity-20and-20efficient-20coupling,-20a-20high-20mitochondrial-20membrane-20potential-20was-20generated.-20CVS-20infection-20reduced-20the-20intracellular-20ATP-20level-20and-20altered-20the-20cellular-20redox-20state-20as-20indicated-20by-20a-20high-20NADH-2FNAD+-20ratio.-20The-20basal-20production-20of-20reactive-20oxygen-20species-20(ROS)-20was-20not-20affected-20in-20CVS-2Dinfected-20neurons.-20However,-20a-20higher-20rate-20of-20ROS-20generation-20occurred-20in-20CVS-2Dinfected-20neurons-20in-20the-20presence-20of-20mitochondrial-20substrates-20and-20inhibitors.-20We-20conclude-20that-20CVS-20infection-20induces-20mitochondrial-20dysfunction-20leading-20to-20ROS-20overgeneration-20and-20oxidative-20stress." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.

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