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Talk:MiPNet03.02 Chemicals-Media

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BIOPS

Phosphocreatine disodium salt hydrate, C4H8N3Na2O5P * x H2O Sigma, P 7936 :
The molecular weight cited by Sigma (MW 255.08) is for the anhydrous substance. The final concentration of 15 mM in BIOPS was calculated for phosphocreatine disodium salt monohydrate, C4H8N3Na2O5P * 1 H2O (MW 273.1).


Potassium or sodium salts

We opt for K+ salts instead of Na+ salts whenever possible while working with mitochondrial preparations, since in the intracellular milieu K+ ions are found in high concentrations, whereas Na+ salts are found in low concentrations. By choosing chemicals that are K+ salts instead of Na+ salts, and adjusting the solutions' pH with KOH instead of NaOH (e.g. for MiR05-Kit), we aim at keeping the respiration medium the closest possible to the physiological conditions for mitochondria.
However, in some cases, it is not easy to have certain chemicals available in other versions than as Na+ salts. We do use some chemicals as Na+ salts, such as succinate. Therefore, it is possible to use a chemical as a Na+ salt instead of the recommended K+ salt (e.g. ADP), but keep in mind that the Na+ concentration will be increased by this, and especially multiple titrations with Na+ salts chemicals will increase the Na+ levels in the respiration medium. This might affect your samples, also depending on how the mitochondria of this tissue are sensitive to the Na+ concentration.
Please note that for some specific applications, more implications of the use of Na+ or K+ can be found:
  • Mitochondria may have a Na+/Ca2+ transporter and/or a H+/Ca2+ transporter, which help mitochondria and cells to tune up precisely the mitochondrial Ca2+ levels[1]. Therefore, K+ salts are preferable for calcium handling experiments, as it prevents the efflux of calcium from the mitochondria through the Na+/Ca2+ transporter if it is present [2].
  • There are ionophores that might be used on mitochondrial physiology studies, which might interfere either with potassium or with sodium ions, therefore with their use, it should be also taken in consideration the composition of the media regarding Na+ and K+. For example, nigericin (K+/H+ antiporter), monensin (Na+/H+ antiporter), valinomycin (K+ uniporter) or gramicidin (Na+ or K+ uniporter).
References on mitochondrial Na+ and K+ transport: