Bioblast quiz

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The Bioblast quiz has been initiated by Ondrej Sobotka. 

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Exemplary quiz

Note: Questions in this exemplary quiz were used from a set of questions prepared for the MiPschool Tromso-Bergen 2018: The protonmotive force and respiratory control. 1. Coupling of electron transfer reactions to vectorial translocation of protons. 2. From Einstein’s diffusion equation on gradients to Fick’s law on compartments. - Gnaiger 2018 MiPschool Tromso A2

Only one correct answer.

1 Convert the molar format of the Gibbs force of reaction, Δ_kF_nO2 [kJ/mol], into the electrical format, Δ_kF_eO2 [V]. Which physicochemical constant is required?

constant

2 What is the meaning of the symbol z_O2?

	Charge number of O2 = 4
	Alphabetical order of O2 isotope
	Elementary charge of O2 in [C]
	Atomic number of O2 = 8

3 How are the units of electric energy [J] and electric force [V] related?

	V = J/(C·F)
	V = (J·F)/C
	V = J·C
	V = J/C

4 Express -460 kJ/mol O₂ as electrical force in units of volt [V].

	- 120 V
	1.2 V
	- 1.2 kV
	-1.2 V

5 Why should we do that?

	To get free drinks
	To compliment our brain mitochondria
	To feel insecure
	To express both in identical motive units [MU]

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Blue Book chapter 1: basic questions

1 The O2k-FluoRespirometer is primarily designed for which type of research?

	Comprehensive mitochondrial function assessment, including oxygen consumption
	Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential only
	Glycolysis rate measurement
	Quantification of mitochondrial DNA

2 Peter Mitchell's chemiosmotic coupling theory places fundamental importance on what concept for bioenergetics?

	Bioblasts as the systematic unit
	The role of cytochromes
	Mitochondrial DNA's function
	The operation of ATP synthase

3 Which is NOT a parameter measured by integrating fluorometry into high-resolution respirometry?

	H2O2 production
	Glucose uptake rates
	O2 consumption rates
	Mitochondrial membrane potential changes

4 What components constitute the protonmotive force (pmF) essential for ATP synthesis in mitochondria?

	ΔΨ and solute concentration
	Only ΔΨ
	ΔΨ and ΔpH
	Only ΔpH

5 High-resolution respirometry (HRR) is primarily used for what purpose?

	Measuring cellular glucose concentration
	pH measurement of the mitochondrial matrix
	Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial respiration and function
	Observing mitochondria physically

6 Oxygen concentration impacts mitochondrial respiratory control by:

	Influencing exergonic and endergonic reactions in OXPHOS
	Directly determining the rate of glycolysis
	Having no significant impact on mitochondrial function
	Being inversely proportional to the rate of ATP synthesis

7 The statement that mitochondrial fitness "solely depends on the genetic makeup of the individual" is:

	True, genetics are the only factor.
	True, but only in the context of mitochondrial diseases.
	Misleading, since mitochondrial fitness can be improved with supplements.
	Incorrect, as lifestyle and environmental factors also significantly influence mitochondrial fitness.

8 What does the term "bioblasts" refer to in the context of mitochondrial physiology?

	A specific type of mitochondria found in muscle cells.
	Enzymes involved in the electron transport chain.
	The smallest units of DNA within mitochondria.
	Elementary units or microorganisms acting wherever living forces are present, essentially mitochondria.

9 Which of the following is NOT a direct measurement capability of the Oroboros-O2k?

	Calcium concentration
	Protein synthesis rates
	H2O2 production
	ATP production

10 What components constitute the protonmotive force (pmF) essential for ATP synthesis in mitochondria?

	ΔΨ (mitochondrial membrane potential) and ΔpH
	Only ΔpH
	ΔΨ and solute concentration
	Only ΔΨ

11 High-resolution respirometry (HRR) is primarily used for what purpose?

	Measuring cellular glucose concentration
	Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial respiration and function
	pH measurement of the mitochondrial matrix
	Observing mitochondria physically

12 Oxygen concentration impacts mitochondrial respiratory control by:

	Being inversely proportional to the rate of ATP synthesis
	Directly determining the rate of glycolysis
	Influencing exergonic and endergonic reactions in OXPHOS
	Having no significant impact on mitochondrial function

13 The "Q-junction" in mitochondrial respiratory control serves as:

	The mitochondrial DNA replication site
	The site of ATP synthesis
	A convergence point for multiple electron transport pathways
	The location where glucose is converted into pyruvate

14 SUIT protocols in mitochondrial research are designed to:

	Disrupt mitochondrial DNA and study its effects on respiration
	Measure the physical size of mitochondria under different conditions
	Identify the best culture medium for mitochondrial growth
	Analyze the effects of substrates, uncouplers, and inhibitors on respiratory control

15 NADH-linked substrates are used in physiological respiratory states to:

	Reflect the exclusive type of substrates used by mitochondria
	Represent substrates feeding electrons into the ETS, simulating physiological conditions
	Bypass the electron transport system
	Demonstrate substrates irrelevant to mitochondrial physiology

16 The primary purpose of integrating fluorometry with high-resolution respirometry is to:

	Allow for the observation of mitochondrial shape and size
	Enable simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and other mitochondrial parameters
	Increase the resolution of respirometry measurements alone
	Decrease the time required for each measurement

17 Which statement accurately describes the significance of LEAK respiration in the context of mitochondrial function?

	It is the maximum respiration rate achievable by mitochondria.
	It indicates the rate of oxygen consumption for ATP synthesis.
	It denotes the respiration process exclusive to glycolytic cells.
	It represents the energy consumed to maintain ionic gradients in the absence of ATP synthesis.

18 In mitochondrial research, the term "ET capacity" refers to:

	The ability of the endoplasmic reticulum to transfer proteins to mitochondria.
	The maximum electron transport rate through the electron transport chain under optimal conditions.
	The enzyme titration capacity in metabolic pathways.
	The capacity for energy transfer within the mitochondrion.

19 Which of the following is NOT a direct measurement capability of the Oroboros-O2k?

	Calcium ion concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
	Mitochondrial DNA replication rates
	ATP production rates
	Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production

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