Oliveira 2022 Abstract Bioblast-Aedes

Gaviraghi A, Barletta ABF, Alves e Silva TL, Oliveira MP, Sorgine MHF, Oliveira MF (2022) Sterile activation of innate immunity specifically target complex I activity and flight dispersal in the major arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti. Bioblast 2022: BEC Inaugural Conference.

Link: Bioblast 2022: BEC Inaugural Conference

Gaviraghi A, Barletta ABF, Alves e Silva TL, Oliveira MP, Sorgine MHF, Oliveira MF (2022)

Event: Bioblast 2022

Aedes aegypti females are natural vectors of important arboviruses including Dengue, Zika and yellow fever. Mosquitoes activate innate immune response signaling pathways upon infection, which target the pathogens and limit their propagation. Despite the beneficial effects of immune activation for insect vectors, there are phenotypic costs that ultimately affect their fitness. However, the underlying mechanisms that mediate these fitness costs remain poorly understood. Given the high energy required to mount a proper immune response, we hypothesized that systemic activation of innate immunity would impair flight muscle mitochondrial function, compromising tissue energy demand and flight activity. Here, we investigated the dynamic effects of activation of innate immunity by intra-thoracic zymosan injection on A. aegypti flight muscle mitochondrial metabolism. Zymosan injection significantly increased defensin expression in fat bodies in a time-dependent manner and ultimately affecting induced flight activity. Although oxidant levels in flight muscle were hardly altered, ATP-linked and maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates were significantly reduced at 24h upon zymosan injection. These effects were parallel to significant and specific reductions in complex I activity upon zymosan treatment. Finally, the magnitude of defensin up-regulation negatively correlated with maximal, ATP-linked, and complex I respiratory rates in flight muscles. Despite strong reductions were observed in proline and reserve capacity respiratory rates 24h upon zymosan injection, this effect was not correlated to the magnitude of innate immune response activation. Collectively, we demonstrate that activation of innate immunity in fat body strongly associates to reduced flight muscle complex I activity with direct consequences to mitochondrial physiology and dispersal. Remarkably, our results indicate that a trade-off between dispersal and immunity exists in an insect vector, underscoring the potential consequences of disrupted flight muscle mitochondrial energy metabolism to arbovirus transmission.

• Keywords: Metabolism, Mitochondria, Zika, Dengue, Bioenergetics, Respiration, Muscle, Immunity, Fitness, Dispersal, Flight, Transmission • Bioblast editor: Plangger M • O2k-Network Lab: BR Rio de Janeiro Oliveira MF

Affiliations

Gaviraghi A^1,2, Barletta ABF^2,3,4, Alves e Silva TL^2,3,5, Oliveira MP^1,2,6, Sorgine MHF^2,3, Oliveira MF^1,3

1. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.
2. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.
3. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil. -maroli@bioqmed.ufrj.br

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Labels: MiParea: Respiration  Pathology: Infectious 

Organism: Hexapods 

HRR: Oxygraph-2k