Risiglione 2020 Int J Mol Sci

Risiglione P, Leggio L, Cubisino SAM, Reina S, Paternò G, Marchetti B, Magrì A, Iraci N, Messina A (2020) High-resolution respirometry reveals MPP+ mitochondrial toxicity mechanism in a cellular model of parkinson's disease. Int J Mol Sci 21:E7809.

» PMID: 33105548 Open Access

Risiglione Pierpaolo, Leggio Loredana, Cubisino Salvatore A M, Reina Simona, Paterno Greta, Marchetti Bianca, Magri Andrea, Iraci Nunzio, Messina Angela (2020) Int J Mol Sci

Abstract: MPP⁺ is the active metabolite of MPTP, a molecule structurally similar to the herbicide Paraquat, known to injure the dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system in Parkinson's disease models. Within the cells, MPP⁺ accumulates in mitochondria where it inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain, resulting in ATP depletion and neuronal impairment/death. So far, MPP⁺ is recognized as a valuable tool to mimic dopaminergic degeneration in various cell lines. However, despite a large number of studies, a detailed characterization of mitochondrial respiration in neuronal cells upon MPP⁺ treatment is still missing. By using high-resolution respirometry, we deeply investigated oxygen consumption related to each respiratory state in differentiated neuroblastoma cells exposed to the neurotoxin. Our results indicated the presence of extended mitochondrial damage at the inner membrane level, supported by increased LEAK respiration, and a drastic drop in oxygen flow devoted to ADP phosphorylation in respirometry measurements. Furthermore, prior to complex I inhibition, an enhancement of complex II activity was observed, suggesting the occurrence of some compensatory effect. Overall our findings provide a mechanistic insight on the mitochondrial toxicity mediated by MPP⁺, relevant for the standardization of studies that employ this neurotoxin as a disease model. • Keywords: MPP+, Parkinson’s disease, SH-SY5Y cells, High-resolution respirometry, Mitochondria • Bioblast editor: Plangger M

Correction: FADH₂ and Complex II

FADH₂ is shown as the substrate feeding electrons into Complex II (CII). This is wrong and requires correction - for details see Gnaiger (2024).

Gnaiger E (2024) Complex II ambiguities ― FADH₂ in the electron transfer system. J Biol Chem 300:105470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105470 - »Bioblast link«

On terminology

» Mitochondrial states and rates - terminology beyond MitoEAGLE 2020

For harmonization of terminology on respiratory states and rates, see

• Gnaiger E et al ― MitoEAGLE Task Group (2020) Mitochondrial physiology. Bioenerg Commun 2020.1. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v1

Labels:

MitoEAGLE terminology 

Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Pharmacology;toxicology 

Organism: Human  Tissue;cell: Neuroblastoma  Preparation: Permeabilized cells, Intact cells  Enzyme: Complex II;succinate dehydrogenase 

Coupling state: LEAK, ROUTINE, OXPHOS, ET  Pathway: N, S, NS, ROX  HRR: Oxygraph-2k 

2020-11