Difference between revisions of "Dinitrophenole"

Revision as of 22:54, 17 October 2018

high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution

Dinitrophenole

Description

2,4-dinitrophenole (C₆H₄N₂O₅; FW = 184.11) is a protonophore acting as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation.

Abbreviation: DNP

Reference: Steinlechner-Maran 1996 Am J Physiol Cell Physiol

2,4-dinitrophenole (DNP) is a compound that was designed for the manufacture of munitions during the first world war and lately described in 1933 by Maurice Tainter as a weight loss drug due to its effect on basal metabolic rate. DNP decreases the ADP phosphorylation in mitochondria preventing the uptake of inorganic phosphate into the organelle. At the same time, its characteristics as ionophore stimulates oxygen consumption, increasing proton conductance and heat dissipation.

MitoPedia topics: Uncoupler

Application in HRFR

Preparation of 10 mM DNP stock solution (dissolved in H₂O):

Caution: Toxic!

Weigh 3.7 mg of DNP (FW = 184.11).
Dissolve in 1.2 ml H₂O.
Neutralize with 1 M KOH.
Adjust final volume to 2 ml and divide into 0.2 mL portions.
Store at -20 °C.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{MitoPedia
 |abbr=DNP
-|description='''2,4-dinitrophenol''' (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>; FW = 184.11) is a protonophore acting as an [[uncoupler]] of [[Oxidative phosphorylation|oxidative phosphorylation]].
+|description='''2,4-dinitrophenole''' (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>; FW = 184.11) is a protonophore acting as an [[uncoupler]] of [[oxidative phosphorylation]].
 |info=[[Steinlechner-Maran 1996 Am J Physiol Cell Physiol]]
 |type=Uncoupler
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 {{MitoPedia methods|type=Uncoupler
 }}
-,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) is a compound that was designed for the manufacture of munitions during the first world war and lately described in 1933 by Maurice Tainter as a weight loss drug due to its effect into the basal metabolic rate. DNP decreases the formation of high-energy phosphate bonds in mitochondria preventing the uptake of inorganic phosphate molecules into the organelle. At the same time, its characteristics as ionophore stimulates systemic oxygen consumption, increasing the basal leak of protons. This shift in the proton electrochemical gradient then results in potential energy dissipating as heat, instead of being converted to ATP, leading to uncontrolled hyperthermia.
+:::: 2,4-dinitrophenole (DNP) is a compound that was designed for the manufacture of munitions during the first world war and lately described in 1933 by Maurice Tainter as a weight loss drug due to its effect on basal metabolic rate. DNP decreases the ADP phosphorylation in mitochondria preventing the uptake of inorganic phosphate  into the organelle. At the same time, its characteristics as ionophore stimulates oxygen consumption, increasing proton conductance and heat dissipation.
 {{MitoPedia topics
 |mitopedia topic=Uncoupler
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 :::# Dissolve in 1.2 ml H<sub>2</sub>O.
 :::# Neutralize with 1 M KOH.
-:::# Adjust final volume to 2 ml and divide into 0.2 ml portions.
+:::# Adjust final volume to 2 ml and divide into 0.2 mL portions.
 :::# Store at -20 °C.