Difference between revisions of "PGM-pathway control state"
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|description=[[File:PGM.jpg|left|200px|PGM]] '''PGM''': [[Pyruvate]] & [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | |description=[[File:PGM.jpg|left|200px|PGM]] '''PGM''': [[Pyruvate]] & [[Glutamate]] & [[Malate]]. | ||
'''MitoPathway control state:''' N | '''MitoPathway control state:''' [[ N| NADH Electron transfer-pathway state]] | ||
'''SUIT protocol:''' [[SUIT-001]] | '''SUIT protocol:''' [[SUIT-001]], [[SUIT-012]], [[SUIT-014]] | ||
[[Pyruvate]] (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO<sub>2</sub>, yielding [[NADH]] catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. [[Malate]] (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the [[glutamate-aspartate carrier]] and reacts with [[oxaloacetate]] in the [[transaminase]] reaction to form [[aspartate]] and [[oxoglutarate]]. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate<sup>-</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by [[glutamate dehydrogenase]] to Ξ±-ketoglutarate ([[oxoglutarate | 2-oxoglutarate]]), representing the [[glutamate anaplerotic pathway control state]]. 2-oxoglutarate (Ξ±-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase. Β | [[Pyruvate]] (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO<sub>2</sub>, yielding [[NADH]] catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. [[Malate]] (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the [[glutamate-aspartate carrier]] and reacts with [[oxaloacetate]] in the [[transaminase]] reaction to form [[aspartate]] and [[oxoglutarate]]. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate<sup>-</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by [[glutamate dehydrogenase]] to Ξ±-ketoglutarate ([[oxoglutarate | 2-oxoglutarate]]), representing the [[glutamate anaplerotic pathway control state]]. 2-oxoglutarate (Ξ±-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase. Β | ||
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|mitopedia concept=SUIT state | |mitopedia concept=SUIT state | ||
}} | }} | ||
== PGM | ::: ''More details'' | ||
::::Β» [[NADH Electron transfer-pathway state]] | |||
::::Β» [[Additive effect of convergent electron flow]] | |||
::::Β» [[Respiratory_complexes#Respiratory_complexes_-_more_than_five |Respiratory complexes - more than five]] | |||
::::Β» [[Convergent electron flow]] | |||
== PGM<sub>''L''</sub> == | |||
PGM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | |||
== PGM | == PGM<sub>''P''</sub> == | ||
:::[[SUIT-008]] | PGM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | ||
:::[[SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014]] | :::*[[SUIT-008]] | ||
:::[[SUIT-008 O2 pce D025]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi): [[SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014]] | ||
:::[[SUIT- | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): [[SUIT-008 O2 pce D025]] | ||
:::[[SUIT- | :::*[[SUIT-012]] | ||
:::*[[SUIT-014]] | |||
== PGM | == PGM<sub>''E''</sub> == | ||
:::[[SUIT-001]] | PGM pathway in the ET state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols: | ||
:::[[SUIT-001 O2 mt D001]] | :::*[[SUIT-001]] | ||
:::[[SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002]] | ::::*DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt):[[SUIT-001 O2 mt D001]] | ||
:::[[SUIT-001 O2 pce D003]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi):[[SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002]] | ||
:::[[SUIT-001 O2 pce D004]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): [[SUIT-001 O2 pce D003]] | ||
:::[[SUIT-012]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for permeabilized PBMCs and PLTs: [[SUIT-001 O2 pce D004]] | ||
:::*[[SUIT-012]] | |||
== Discussion == | == Discussion == |
Revision as of 16:30, 22 January 2019
Description
PGM: Pyruvate & Glutamate & Malate.
MitoPathway control state: NADH Electron transfer-pathway state
SUIT protocol: SUIT-001, SUIT-012, SUIT-014
Pyruvate (P) is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA and CO2, yielding NADH catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase. Malate (M) is oxidized to oxaloacetate by mt-malate dehydrogenase located in the mitochondrial matrix. Condensation of oxaloacate with acetyl-CoA yields citrate (citrate synthase). Glutamate&malate is a substrate combination supporting an N-linked pathway control state, when glutamate is transported into the mt-matrix via the glutamate-aspartate carrier and reacts with oxaloacetate in the transaminase reaction to form aspartate and oxoglutarate. Glutamate as the sole substrate is transported by the electroneutral glutamate-/OH- exchanger, and is oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix by glutamate dehydrogenase to Ξ±-ketoglutarate ( 2-oxoglutarate), representing the glutamate anaplerotic pathway control state. 2-oxoglutarate (Ξ±-ketoglutarate) is formed from isocitrate (isocitrate dehydrogenase, from oxaloacetate and glutamate by the transaminase, and from glutamate by the glutamate dehydrogenase.
Abbreviation: PGM
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways - Chapter 5.3
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state
PGML
PGM pathway in the LEAK state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
PGMP
PGM pathway in the OXPHOS state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
-
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi): SUIT-008 O2 pfi D014
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): SUIT-008 O2 pce D025
-
PGME
PGM pathway in the ET state can be evaluated in the following SUIT protocols:
-
- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt):SUIT-001 O2 mt D001
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized fibers (pfi):SUIT-001 O2 pfi D002
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized cells (pce): SUIT-001 O2 pce D003
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized PBMCs and PLTs: SUIT-001 O2 pce D004
-