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Difference between revisions of "MiPNet27.05 Schroecken BEC tutorial-Living Communications pmP"

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{{Publication
{{Publication
|title=[[File:BEC-logo.png|right|120px|link=Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]
|title=[[File:BEC-logo.png|right|120px|link=Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]
'''Schroecken AT''', 2022 Sep 30-Oct 02. BEC tutorial-Living Communications: ''pmF'' — pre '''IOC155'''.
'''Schroecken AT''', 2022 Sep 30-Oct 03. BEC tutorial-Living Communications: ''pmF'' to ''pmP'' — pre '''IOC155'''.
|authors=Oroboros
|authors=Oroboros
|year=2022-09-30
|year=2022-09-30
|journal=Mitochondr Physiol Network
|journal=Mitochondr Physiol Network
|abstract=
|abstract=
'''BEC tutorial-Living Communications. Mitochondrial membrane potential and Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force: elements of the science of bioenergetics.  
'''BEC tutorial-Living Communications. From Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force to protonmotive pressure: elements of the science of bioenergetics.  
Preceding the '''[[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT |Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry]]'''. Schroecken, Austria; 2022.
Preceding the '''[[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT |Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry]]'''. Schroecken, Austria; 2022.
[[File:Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways.jpg|left|100px|link=Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways|Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]
[[File:Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways.jpg|left|100px|link=Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways|Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]
The [[mitochondrial membrane potential]] is an element of the science of bioenergetics, linked to the control of respiratory flux and related mitochondrial functions. A PubMed search on ‘mitochondrial membrane potential’ yields nearly 40 000 results and 3442 for 2021 (search 2022-07-04), with a linear increase during the past 20 years. [[Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways#Chapter_8._Protonmotive_pressure_and_respiratory_control |Chapter 8]] on ‘Protonmotive pressure and respiratory control’ of [[Mitochondrial Pathways]] (Gnaiger 2020) introduces a novel perspective on Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force, which incorporates the mitochondrial membrane potential. If you find the reading is tough, you are not alone. Join this BEC tutorial-Living Communications for a fundamental introduction into the relevant concepts of physical chemistry, which differ from [[Force#Thermodynamic_ignorance |misleading chapters in bioenergetics textbooks]]. A retreat with plenty of informal discussions and group interactions takes you on a journey to visit chemical potential differences versus potential gradients, Gibbs [[energy]] versus Gibbs [[force]], quantities of capacity versus intensity, protonmotive force and [[motive unit]]s, [[flow]]s and [[force]]s, and finally protonmotive [[pressure]]. This will introduce students (and teachers) to a new understanding of mitochondrial membrane potential and the protonmotive force, connecting the ideal gas equation, osmotic pressure, the [[Boltzmann constant]] and [[gas constant]] with [[Fick 1855 Pogg Ann |Fick’s]] and [[Einstein 1905 Ann Physik 549 |Einstein’s diffusion equation]]. If theory gets dry and grey, join for a swim in lake Körbersee, for a Walk&Talk in the colorful alpine environment of the Schröcken-Tannberg region, and a visit to the [https://www.alpmuseum.at/ Alpmuseum ufm Tannberg].
The [[mitochondrial membrane potential]] is an element of the science of bioenergetics, linked to the control of respiratory flux and related mitochondrial functions. A [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=mitochondrial+membrane+potential PubMed search] on ‘mitochondrial membrane potential’ yields 40 000 results and 3452 for 2021 (search 2022-09-20), with a linear increase during the past 20 years. [[Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways#Chapter_8._Protonmotive_pressure_and_respiratory_control |Chapter 8]] on ‘Protonmotive pressure and respiratory control’ of [[Mitochondrial Pathways]] (Gnaiger 2020) introduces a novel perspective on Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force, which incorporates the mitochondrial membrane potential. If you find the reading is tough, you are not alone. Join this BEC tutorial-Living Communications for a fundamental introduction into the relevant concepts of physical chemistry, which differ from [[Force#Thermodynamic_ignorance |misleading chapters in bioenergetics textbooks]]. A retreat with plenty of informal discussions and group interactions takes you on a journey to visit chemical potential differences versus potential gradients, Gibbs [[energy]] versus Gibbs [[force]], quantities of capacity versus intensity, protonmotive force and [[motive unit]]s, [[flow]]s and [[force]]s, and finally protonmotive [[pressure]]. This will introduce students (and teachers) to a new understanding of mitochondrial membrane potential and the protonmotive force, connecting the ideal gas equation, osmotic pressure, the [[Boltzmann constant]] and [[gas constant]] with [[Fick 1855 Pogg Ann |Fick’s]] and [[Einstein 1905 Ann Physik 549 |Einstein’s diffusion equation]]. If theory gets dry and grey, join for a swim in lake Körbersee, for a Walk&Talk in the colorful alpine environment of the Schröcken-Tannberg region, and a visit to the [https://www.alpmuseum.at/ Alpmuseum ufm Tannberg].


|mipnetlab=AT_Innsbruck_Oroboros
|mipnetlab=AT_Innsbruck_Oroboros
}}
}}
[[File:Vector flux and velocity.jpg|right|330px |Vector flux and velocity|link=Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways#Chapter_8._Protonmotive_pressure_and_respiratory_control|thumb|Figure 8.9. Vector flux and velocity: stationary state of diffusion in a linear concentration gradient.]]
[[File:Hydrogen ion circuit.jpg|right|330px|thumb|Figure 1.1. Coupling in oxidative phosphorylation is mediated by the protonmotive force ''pmF''.]]
__TOC__
__TOC__
  Last update: 2022-07-17
  Last update: 2022-09-30
== Venue ==
[[File:Schroecken Wiki.JPG|right|330px]]
:::: Hotel Körbersee, Schröcken, AT
:::: Information on travel and venue: '''[[IOC Schroecken]]'''.




== Program ==
== General information ==
[[File:Hydrogen ion circuit.jpg|right|330px|thumb|Figure 1.1. Coupling in oxidative phosphorylation is mediated by the protonmotive force ''pmF''.]]
:::: Preceding the [[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT |Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry]], 2022 Oct 03-08 (Mo to Fr).
::::* '''BEC tutorial''': program for 2022 Sep 30-Oct 02 (Fr to Su)
::::::* Preceding the [[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT |Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry]], 2022 Oct 03-08 (Mo to Fr).


=== ''pmF'': a unifying theory of biology - from metabolism to physical chemistry ===
'''COVID-19'''
::::* Peter Mitchell's concept of the protonmotive force ''pmF'' is one of the grand unifying theories of biology, on par with Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, Gregor Mendel's rules of inheritance and classical genetics, and the structure of DNA resolved by Francis Crick, James Watson, and Rosalind Franklin. The ''pmF'' combines the disciplines of biochemistry (metabolism), cell biology (cellular ultrastructure), physiology (energy transformation), thermodynamics (chemical potential, Gibbs energy), and physical chemistry (diffusion, electrochemistry).
:::: The event will be held in accordance with current COVID regulations. A primary concern must be the safety of our participants and staff, which is why we reserve the right to cancel the event if there are any concerns/restrictions. Refunds will be issued exclusively for registration fees.  


::::* This BEC tutorial links different disciplines and describes different processes (transformations) by the same principles and relations of isomorphic quantities:
'''Delays'''
::::::# metabolic reactions and translocation (scalar and vectorial)
:::: Because of the current delays with several airlines, we would like to advise you to make sure to book flights that will allow you to arrive in Bregenz in time for the scheduled pickup. If you miss the scheduled transportation you will have to take a cab (Suggestion: Ritter Transport. Phone number: +43 664 34 11 540) or the public transportation to Schroecken. If you decide to take the public transportation, you will have to take the bus via Bregenz - Egg – Bezau – Schoppernau – Schröcken. You can book the ticket here: [https://www.vmobil.at/ vmbol] or here: [https://www.oebb.at/de/ oebb].
::::::# diffusion (from Fick's law to Einstein's diffusion equation)  
:::: Please be aware that you will be responsible for paying for any additional transportation costs (about € 120 for a cab/ travel time 1 h; about € 11 for the public transportation).
::::::# electrochemical potentials (compartmental differences versus gradients) and motive forces (of physics and thermodynamics - from the Boltzmann constant and gas constant to the electromotive constant)
:::: Please check with your airline to see if there are any reimbursements available in the event that you miss the organized transport and have to arrange and pay for a cab or public transportation.
::::::# osmotic pressure (from the gas law to protonmotive pressure)


::::* '''Remember ZEN, ''zeNA''''' — Section 8.2.8 - <big>∞</big>2<big>∞</big>
:::::::: RM Pirsig (1974) <span style="color:#0000FF"> ''Zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance. An inquiry into values.''</span style> William Morrow & Company:418 pp.
:::::::: <span style="color:#0000FF">Thermodynamics</span style> (''motorcycle maintenance'') may be dull and tedious drudgery (<span style="color:#0000FF">without curiosity beyond “[[≡]]”</span style>) or a valuable and exciting art (if you seek for “=” ZEN). Transformation of dumb, dry and frigid equations into eloquent formulae radiating meaning and sparkling knowledge depends on motivation, skill and persistence (''zeNA'').
::::::::» Compare numerical [[equivalence]] (symbol ≡) and physicochemical [[equality]] (symbol =).


=== Why? ===
== Venue ==
::::* Why are mitochondria small? Why is [[LEAK respiration]] a non-linear (non-Ohmic) function of the [[mitochondrial membrane potential]] difference Δ''Ψ''<sub>p<sup>+</sup></sub>?
[[File:Schroecken Wiki.JPG|right|330px]]
::::* Why is the [[mitochondrial membrane potential]] difference Δ''Ψ''<sub>p<sup>+</sup></sub> — the chemical part of the ''pmF'' — not a force of physics? Similarly, the protonmotive force is not a force of physics. Why '[[isomorphic]]' forces?
:::: Hotel Körbersee, Schröcken, AT
::::* Why can we start a chemical reaction (in a homogenous [[system]]) or compartmental diffusion (in a [[discontinuous system]]) at an infinitely large [[force]] - without the system exploding?
:::: Information on travel and venue: '''[[IOC Schroecken]]'''.


=== Consider some fundamental quantities ===
[[File:Gibbs energy advancement.png|right|330px|link=Gnaiger_2020_BEC_MitoPathways#Chapter_8._Protonmotive_pressure_and_respiratory_control |Gibbs energy and advancement|thumb|Figure 8.5. Gibbs energy as a function of advancement of transformation in a closed isothermal system at constant pressure.]]
::::* Among the key isomorphic quantities are:
::::::# [[advancement]] and [[stoichiometry]] as the determinants of transformation [[flow]]s
::::::# [[motive entity]] - this is what flows
::::::# [[motive unit]]s for [[count]], [[amount]], and [[charge]]
::::::# chemical and electric partial forces of the ''[[pmF]]''


::::* Important distinctions:
== Program ==
::::::# [[system]]s: closed, compartmental, open
::: '''Motivation'''
::::::# transformations: [[vector |vectoral]] (along continuous gradients), vectorial (across discontinuous boundaries between compartments), scalar (within systems, without spatial direction)
::::* Understanding fundamental concepts and overcoming textbook errors: electrochemical potential and protonmotive force
::::::# Gibbs [[energy]] ([[exergy]]), [[chemical potential]], and metabolic [[force]] (Gibbs force)
::::* Expand the theoretical foundation of science and point to future challenges: exergy, force, pressure — protonmotive force ''pmF'' to protonmotive pressure ''pmP''
::::::# potential gradients versus potential differences
[[File:Braunarl 2022-10-01.jpg|right|330px|thumb|Sunrise on day 2 2022-10-01]]
::::::# [[proton]]s p<sup>+</sup> and [[hydrogen ion]]s H<sup>+</sup>
::::* Design experiments to test the ''pmP'' theorems
::::::# (chemiosmotic) [[pressure]] versus (protonmotive) [[force]]
::::* Improve interpretations - the meaning of measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential
::::* Evaluate available methods to measure ''pmF'' and ''pmP''
::::* Design new protocols and instrumental tools to measure ''pmP''
::::* Think of applications: why ''pmF'' and ''pmP''?


{{Keywords: Force and membrane potential}}
:::» [[BEC tutorial-Living Communications: pmF to pmP |Programme: BEC tutorial-Living Communications: ''pmF'' to ''pmP'']]
::::* Schroecken, 2022 Sep 30-Oct 03 (Fr to Mo)
:::::* Preceding the [[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT |Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry]], 2022 Oct 03-08 (Mo to Fr).


=== Gibberish ===
::::* Forget all gibberish that you have learned — if not forgotten already — on textbook thermodynamics. If you are surprised by this suggestion, take a look at specific examples from
::::::» [[Advancement#Advancement_versus_amount |a fundamental textbook on physical chemistry]]
::::::» [[Force#Thermodynamic_ignorance |bioenergetics]].
{{Template:Force and pressure}}


== Lecturer and participants ==
== Lecturer and participants ==
Line 82: Line 63:


<big>'''Participants'''</big>
<big>'''Participants'''</big>
::: ''preliminary''
<gallery mode=default perrow=9 widths="140px" heights="150px">
<gallery mode=default perrow=9 widths="140px" heights="150px">
File:BaglivoE.jpg|'''[[Baglivo Eleonora|Eleonora Baglivo]]''', MSc, Oroboros Instruments, ''Biomedical Pixie''
File:BaglivoE.jpg|1. '''[[Baglivo Eleonora|Eleonora Baglivo]]''', MSc, Oroboros Instruments, ''Biomedical Pixie''
File:CardosoLHD.JPG|'''[[Cardoso Luiza HD|Luiza HD Cardoso]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Wizard''
File:CardosoLHD.JPG|2. '''[[Cardoso Luiza HD|Luiza HD Cardoso]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Wizard''
File:Cristiane Cecatto.jpg|'''[[Cecatto C|Cristiane Cecatto]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Phoenix''
File:Cristiane Cecatto.jpg|3. '''[[Cecatto C|Cristiane Cecatto]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Phoenix''
File:Donnellyc.jpg|'''[[Donnelly Chris |Chris Donnelly]]''', Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH
File:Erich Gnaiger.jpg|4. '''[[Gnaiger E |Erich Gnaiger]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments - CEO, ''Innovation Alchemist''
File:Erich Gnaiger.jpg|'''[[Gnaiger E |Erich Gnaiger]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments - CEO, ''Innovation Alchemist''
File:IOC_2345_cropped.jpg|6. '''[[Heine Markus]]''', PhD, University Medical Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf
File:Mateus.jpg|'''[[Grings Mateus|Mateus Grings ]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Jedi''
File:IOC_2312_cropped.jpg|7. '''[[Kuntic Marin|Marin Kuntic]]''', Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
File:Profile-icon-9.png|'''[[Leo Elettra|Elettra Leo]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments
File:SchmittS.jpg|9. '''[[Schmitt S|Sabine Schmitt]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Detective''
File:SchmittS.jpg|'''[[Schmitt S|Sabine Schmitt]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments, ''Mitochondrial Detective''
File:IOC_2326_cropped.jpg|10. '''[[Strohm Lea|Lea Strohm]]''', Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
File:Timon-Gomez_A.jpg|'''[[Timon-Gomez Alba|Alba Timon-Gomez]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments  
File:Timon-Gomez_A.jpg|11. '''[[Timon-Gomez Alba|Alba Timon-Gomez]]''', PhD, Oroboros Instruments  
|-
|-
</gallery>
</gallery>
<gallery mode=default perrow=2 widths="400px" heights="300px">
 
File:Pressure-force Maxwell.png
== Impressions from the BEC tutorial-Living Communications pmP==
File:Pressure-force van't Hoff.png
<gallery mode=default perrow=4 widths="350px" heights="350px">  
File:Pressure-force Nernst.png
File:Bec tutorial Schroecken 2.jpeg|A snapshot during the BEC tutorial session
File:Pressure-force Einstein.png
File:Bec tutorial Schroecken.jpeg|The participants during a walk and talk session
File:Pressure-force Prigogine.png
File:Bec tutorial Schroecken 3.jpeg|Group picture
File:Pressure-force Mitchell.png
|-
</gallery>
</gallery>


== Registration and general information ==
:::* This event is taking place immediately before the [[MiPNet27.04 IOC155 Schroecken AT|O2k-Workshop - IOC155]].


:::: Download registration form: '''[https://wiki.oroboros.at/images/1/1f/Registration_BEC_and_IOC155.pdf download pdf]'''


<big>'''Contact'''</big>
<big>'''Contact'''</big>
Line 124: Line 98:
:::: '''Mitochondria and Cell Research'''
:::: '''Mitochondria and Cell Research'''


<big>'''COVID-19'''</big>
<big>'''Hotel Koerbersee'''</big>
:::: The event will be held in accordance with current COVID regulations. A primary concern must be the safety of our participants and staff, which is why we reserve the right to cancel the event if there are any concerns/restrictions. Refunds will be issued exclusively for registration fees.  
 
:::: » Please note that the hotel has a limited number of rooms and space is not guaranteed. Therefore, we ask you to confirm beforehand if you intend to bring accompanying guests with you.


:::: » As there is no ATM close to the hotel, we recommend withdrawing money at Bregenz train station. Please make sure to bring some cash in EUROs with you, in case you need it.
:::: » As there is no ATM close to the hotel, we recommend withdrawing money at Bregenz train station. Please make sure to bring some cash in EUROs with you, in case you need it.
::::: The hotel accepts payment by credit card for consumed drinks.
::::: The hotel accepts payment by credit card.


:::: » Please note that the hotel has a limited number of rooms and space is not guaranteed. Therefore, we ask you to confirm beforehand if you intend to bring accompanying guests with you.
<big>'''COVID-19'''</big>
:::: The event will be held in accordance with current COVID regulations. A primary concern must be the safety of our participants and staff, which is why we reserve the right to cancel the event if there are any concerns/restrictions. Refunds will be issued exclusively for registration fees.  




Line 151: Line 127:


{{Labeling
{{Labeling
|additional=ORO, IOC, 2022, MitoGlobal, NextGen-O2k, Next
|additional=ORO, IOC, 2022, MitoGlobal, NextGen-O2k
}}
}}
[[Category:O2k-Workshops]]
[[Category:O2k-Workshops]]

Latest revision as of 11:29, 21 October 2022


Bioenergetics Communications        
Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways
        
Gnaiger Erich et al ― MitoEAGLE Task Group (2020) Mitochondrial physiology. Bioenerg Commun 2020.1.
         MitoPedia: BEC         MitoPedia: Gentle Science         MitoFit Preprints         DOI Data Center
Publications in the MiPMap
BEC-logo.png

Schroecken AT, 2022 Sep 30-Oct 03. BEC tutorial-Living Communications: pmF to pmP — pre IOC155.


Oroboros (2022-09-30) Mitochondr Physiol Network

Abstract: BEC tutorial-Living Communications. From Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force to protonmotive pressure: elements of the science of bioenergetics. Preceding the Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry. Schroecken, Austria; 2022.

Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways

The mitochondrial membrane potential is an element of the science of bioenergetics, linked to the control of respiratory flux and related mitochondrial functions. A PubMed search on ‘mitochondrial membrane potential’ yields 40 000 results and 3452 for 2021 (search 2022-09-20), with a linear increase during the past 20 years. Chapter 8 on ‘Protonmotive pressure and respiratory control’ of Mitochondrial Pathways (Gnaiger 2020) introduces a novel perspective on Peter Mitchell’s protonmotive force, which incorporates the mitochondrial membrane potential. If you find the reading is tough, you are not alone. Join this BEC tutorial-Living Communications for a fundamental introduction into the relevant concepts of physical chemistry, which differ from misleading chapters in bioenergetics textbooks. A retreat with plenty of informal discussions and group interactions takes you on a journey to visit chemical potential differences versus potential gradients, Gibbs energy versus Gibbs force, quantities of capacity versus intensity, protonmotive force and motive units, flows and forces, and finally protonmotive pressure. This will introduce students (and teachers) to a new understanding of mitochondrial membrane potential and the protonmotive force, connecting the ideal gas equation, osmotic pressure, the Boltzmann constant and gas constant with Fick’s and Einstein’s diffusion equation. If theory gets dry and grey, join for a swim in lake Körbersee, for a Walk&Talk in the colorful alpine environment of the Schröcken-Tannberg region, and a visit to the Alpmuseum ufm Tannberg.


• O2k-Network Lab: AT_Innsbruck_Oroboros

Figure 1.1. Coupling in oxidative phosphorylation is mediated by the protonmotive force pmF.
Last update: 2022-09-30


General information

Preceding the Oroboros O2k-Workshop on high-resolution respirometry, 2022 Oct 03-08 (Mo to Fr).

COVID-19

The event will be held in accordance with current COVID regulations. A primary concern must be the safety of our participants and staff, which is why we reserve the right to cancel the event if there are any concerns/restrictions. Refunds will be issued exclusively for registration fees.

Delays

Because of the current delays with several airlines, we would like to advise you to make sure to book flights that will allow you to arrive in Bregenz in time for the scheduled pickup. If you miss the scheduled transportation you will have to take a cab (Suggestion: Ritter Transport. Phone number: +43 664 34 11 540) or the public transportation to Schroecken. If you decide to take the public transportation, you will have to take the bus via Bregenz - Egg – Bezau – Schoppernau – Schröcken. You can book the ticket here: vmbol or here: oebb.
Please be aware that you will be responsible for paying for any additional transportation costs (about € 120 for a cab/ travel time 1 h; about € 11 for the public transportation).
Please check with your airline to see if there are any reimbursements available in the event that you miss the organized transport and have to arrange and pay for a cab or public transportation.


Venue

Schroecken Wiki.JPG
Hotel Körbersee, Schröcken, AT
Information on travel and venue: IOC Schroecken.


Program

Motivation
  • Understanding fundamental concepts and overcoming textbook errors: electrochemical potential and protonmotive force
  • Expand the theoretical foundation of science and point to future challenges: exergy, force, pressure — protonmotive force pmF to protonmotive pressure pmP
Sunrise on day 2 2022-10-01
  • Design experiments to test the pmP theorems
  • Improve interpretations - the meaning of measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential
  • Evaluate available methods to measure pmF and pmP
  • Design new protocols and instrumental tools to measure pmP
  • Think of applications: why pmF and pmP?
» Programme: BEC tutorial-Living Communications: pmF to pmP
  • Schroecken, 2022 Sep 30-Oct 03 (Fr to Mo)


Lecturer and participants

Participants

Impressions from the BEC tutorial-Living Communications pmP

  • A snapshot during the BEC tutorial session

  • The participants during a walk and talk session

  • Group picture


Contact

Oroboros
instruments@oroboros.at
Oroboros Instruments
High-Resolution Respirometry
Schoepfstrasse 18
A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Tel: +43 512 566796
Fax: +43 512 566796 20
Mitochondria and Cell Research

Hotel Koerbersee

» Please note that the hotel has a limited number of rooms and space is not guaranteed. Therefore, we ask you to confirm beforehand if you intend to bring accompanying guests with you.
» As there is no ATM close to the hotel, we recommend withdrawing money at Bregenz train station. Please make sure to bring some cash in EUROs with you, in case you need it.
The hotel accepts payment by credit card.

COVID-19

The event will be held in accordance with current COVID regulations. A primary concern must be the safety of our participants and staff, which is why we reserve the right to cancel the event if there are any concerns/restrictions. Refunds will be issued exclusively for registration fees.


Recommended reading

Hydrogen ion circuit and coupling in OXPHOS
Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways
  1. Mitchell P (1966) Chemiosmotic coupling in oxidative and photosynthetic phosphorylation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.09.018
  2. Gnaiger E (2020) Mitochondrial pathways and respiratory control. An introduction to OXPHOS analysis. 5th ed. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0002 - Chapter 8
  3. Gnaiger E (2021) The elementary unit — canonical reviewer's comments on: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (2019) The International System of Units (SI) 9th ed. https://doi.org/10.26124/mitofit:200004.v2
MitoPedia



» MitoPedia: Ergodynamics

MitoGlobal
BEC tutorials are listed as MitoGlobal Events.


Labels:






ORO, IOC, 2022, MitoGlobal, NextGen-O2k 

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